Mixture-producing device and speed-governor.



2 SHEE] SSHEET 1.

m Sept. 28, 1915.

E. PODLE\SA'K.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 22. I913.

MIXTURE PRODUCING DEVICE AND SPEED GOVERNOR.

lllllllllhfx MIXTURE PRODUCING DEVICE AND SPEED GOVERNOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 22 I913. I

I Patented Sept. 28, 1915.

Z SHEEI S-SHEET 2.

Emir. ronnnsax, or rirrrn, onro.

MIXTURE-PRODUCING DEVICE AND SPEED-GOVERNOR..

aiaaoea Application filed March 22, 1918. Serial No. 756,062.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EMIL PoDLnsAK, a citizen of the United States,residing at Tiifin, in the county of Seneca and State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and usefullm provements in Mixture-ProducingDevices and Speed-Governors, of which the following is a specification.

With mixture producing devices of that type now in common use, whereineach charge of explosive mixture is made during each suction stroke ofthe engine by a supply of air being drawn past a spray nozzle orequivalent device for incorporating the proper amount of fuel with theair to create an explosive mixture, difficulties are encountered when aload is suddenly placed on the engine, greatly decreasing its speed, orwhen the same effect is produced by failure of ignition of one or morecharges, and unless measures are immediately taken to check the decreasein speed, the engine is liable to stop altogether. Heretofore, it hasbeen necessary to check the decrease in speed and stopping of the enginemanually by the attendant who must either throw off the load to allowthe engine to recover its normal speed, increase the fuel feed bytemporarily opening the fuel valve to a greater extent, or inject liquidfuel into the air intake pipe, or by partly closing the air intake pipeso as to increase the degree of vacuum, and hence suction, of the airpassing the fuel spraying. nozzle or equivalent fuel admitting means.

The principal object of the present invention is to overcome thedifiiculties mentioned by providing automatic means responsive to thedrop of speed below normal to govern the indrawn air in such a mannerthat the suction at the fuel spraying nozzle or equivalent device isincreased as the rate of the piston speed is diminished, the consequencebeing that a sufficiently rich mixture is obtained to enable the engineto recover its speed by the more powerful explosions in the cylinder,and when the speed is brought up to normal, the fuel and air will beprop erly proportioned by the regular air inlet means, fuel valve andthrottle valve to maintain normal speed until the engine again becomesoverloaded or its speed slackens, due to failure of ignition of thecharges.

More specifically, another object of the invention is the provision ofan auxiliary air inlet valve for the mixture producing device orcarburetor, which valve is at normal speed in open position but isconnected with a speed responsive device which moves the valve closed asthe speed drops below normal, and after the throttle has beenmoved toopen position by the governor in an effort to increase the volume of thecharges of mixture to maintain speed. In other words, the auxiliary airinlet valve does not come into play while the throttle valve is movedthroughits normal range of movement by the regulating action of thegovernor incident to average load fluctuations, but does come into playunder the action of the governor during an abnormal drop in speed of theengine.

With such and other objects in view, as will appear as the descriptionproceeds, the invention comprises the various novel features ofconstruction and arrangement of parts which will be' more fullydescribed hereinafter and set forth with particularity in the claimsappended hereto.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate certain embodiments ofthe invention, Figure 1 is a sectional view of a mixture producingdevice or carburetor of that type having an auxiliary air inlet valve incombination with a throttle valve, a main air valve and fuel valve.Fig.- 2 is a side elevation of-Fig. 1, showing the connections betweenthe various valves. Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken transversely to theaxes of the valves to show their different open and closed positions.Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a modified form of mixture producingdevice wherein one valve 1s used 1n connection with the throttle. Fig. 5is an end view of an engine showing the mixture producing device'of Fig.4 in applied position. Fig. 6 is an end view of an engine showing themixture producing device in connection with a hit-and-miss speedgovernor.

Similar reference characters are employed to designate correspondingparts throughout the views.

Referring to thedrawings, 1 designates the body of the mixture producingdevice or carburetor, which body is in the present instance in the shapeof a straight conduit, but it is obvious that the form and size may bevariously altered, and into this conduit projects a spray nozzle 2 whichcommunicates with a fuel reservoir 3 containing liquid fuel that isadmitted through a port 4: controlled by a valve 5 that is connectedwith a float 6 in the reservoir 3. The end. 7

of the body 1 is open to the atmosphere for admitting air whichsweeps'past the nozzle 7 2 and causes liquid fuel to be sprayed intoThis throttle valve is shown as of the butterfly type but any otherform. may be employed. At the inlet side of the nozzle 2 is a main airvalve 10 also of the butterfly type and connected with the spindles oraxles '11 and 12 of the valves 9 and 10. respectively,

are arms 13 and 14 which are connected together by an elbow link 15,which link has a fixed hinged connection at 17 with the arm orleve'r 13,and by means of this link the valves 9 and 10 move in synchronism, buttheir relative position as well as the range of" movement may beadjusted for obtaining the proper operative'conditions. Associated withthe spray nozzle 2 is a needle valve 18 which is threaded in an opening19' in the wall of the mixing chamber, and on the outer end'of thisvalve isan arm 19 which is connected by a link 20 with the arm 14, thelink being adjustably connected with arm 19 so as to obtain the properrange'of movement of the needle valve with respect to the movement ofthe air valve 10 and throttle.

The various valves are so proportioned and so adjusted with respect. toeach other that'the proper mixture will be produced for operating theengine within a certain rangeof speed, and when automatic governing isdesired, the valves will be connected with a suitable speed-responsivedevice, as

' will be readily understood. The adjustment and operation of thevalves, however, is not suited to take care of a decided drop in speedof the engine, due for instance to an excessive load being placedthereon, or due to failure of the charges to ignite on account of someignition trouble, and unless the attendant acts promptly to check thedecrease in speed, the engine will stop altogether. An automatic device,however, is provided to take care of thi contingency, so that amixture'of proper proportion will be drawn into the engine during itsslackened speed, whereby the speed will be automatically brought up tonormal. This device com- ,prises an auxiliary airvalve 21 which ismounted between the air inlet port 7 and the main air valve 10. Thisauxiliary valve 21, which is also of the butterfly type, has an arm orlever 22 attached to the stem 23and this arm 22 is connected with thethrottle valve by a link 24 in such a manner that there is lost motionbetween the throttle valve and auxiliary air inlet valve, this lostmotionbeing provided by a slot 25 in the link 24, and a pin 26 on thearm 22. A

spring 27 is connected with the arm 22 and anchored at 28 on the body ofthe carbureter, and this spring yieldingly holds the arm 22 inengagement with the stop 29 which is located in such position that whendotted to the full line position, Fig. 3, the

lower end of the slot 25 in the link 24 engages the pin 26 on the arm 22and moves the auxiliar air inlet valve toward closed position. T is airinlet valve thus reduces the effective inlet area of the mixtureproducing device and consequently creates a stronger suction past thefuel nozzle, so that a" rich mixture is produced suitable for bringingthe speed of the engine back to normal. As the speed returns to normal,the auxiliary air inlet valve returns to'its open or inoperativeposition.

In the modification shown in Figs. 4 and 5, a single air valve 30 isemployed between the spray nozzle 31 and the air inlet port 32 of themixture producing device 33, and between the outlet 34 of the device andspray nozzle is the throttle valve 35. The

arms or levers 36 and 37 of the valves 30' and. 35 are connectedtogether bya link 38, the lower end of the link having a slot 39 intowhich engages a pin 40 on the arm 37. A spring 41 is connected with thethrottle valve arm 37 and with the body of the carbureter and thisspring tends to move the throttle valve from a closed or a partiallyclosed position, as shown by full lines, to a full open position, wherethe valve isarrested by the arm 37 engaging a stop 42.

' During this movement of the throttle valve,

the air valve moves from the full to the dotted line position, firstincreasing the efi'ective air inlet area and later decreasing it, theair inlet valve passing from one side to the other side of its full openposition to a point almost closing the air port. The link 38 isconnected with a governor actuated lever 43 which moves up and downwithin a limited range during normal speed regulation, but during adecided drop in speed the lever rises a considerable distance and throwsthe throttle valve to full open poistion and continues its movement toalmost close the air inlet valve while the throttle valve remains fullyopen. In Fig. 5, the-lever 43 is shown connected with the sliding collar44 of the speed responsive device 45. of the engine, said device beingdrivenby bevel gears 46 between the secondary shaft 47 and governorshaft 48. The inlet valve 49 of the e11 gine is of the automatic type,while the exhaust valve 50 is operated through a lever 51 by a cam 52 9nthe shaft 47.

In Fig. 6, the invention is shown in connection with a hit-and-missgovernor. On

the governor shaft 53 is the usual speed responsive device 54: that isprovided with a cone 55 which, in rising, is adapted to en gage a head58 on the latch 59 fulcrumed at 60, and by this engagement, the lowerend 61 of the latch is thrown into line with the recess 62 in theexhaust valve operating lever 63, when said lever is raised by the cam64 and thereby the latch 59 holds the exhaust valve open so that noexplosion will take place while the speed is abnormally high. When thespeed decreases, the cone 55 drops and allows the latch 59 to disengagefrom the lever 63. When the speed drops below normal this same cone 55operates on the lever 65 of the mixture producing device. This lever isconnected by a link 66 with an arm 67 of the choking air inlet valve 68of the mixture producing device 69 so that as the speed of the enginedrops materially, the downward movement of the cone 55 will move thechoking air inlet valve 68 from the full to the dotted line position andthereby cause a rich mixture to be produced for the engine during itslow speed.

Another advantage resulting from the use of the air inlet valve is that1n starting an engine, less difiiculty is encountered, especially whenthe carbureter is cold, because the air inlet valve at this time isnearest its closed position so that the air drawn in during cranking ofthe engine will attain a high speed and produce a powerful suction atthe spray nozzle, so that a rich mixture will be obtained for theinitial charge. It is recognized that the diificulty in starting anengine with a cold carbureter is due to the fact that too much air isallowed to en- 1 ter through the carbureter, but with the present devicethis difliculty is overcome, since a liberal supply of the liquid. fuelwill be indrawn, because of the increased suction action upon the fuelfeeding nozzle when the said choking or controlling valve is near itsclosed position.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new, is

1. The combination of an engine provided with a speed responsive device;a carbureter for the engine including an air conduit having fuel feedingdevice and air valve therein; and means, controlled by the speedresponsive device, whereby said valve is actuated only when the speed ofthe engine is less than a predetermined normal speed.

2. A carbureter for an engine including a throttle valve, an air inletvalve, and a speed responsive device connected wlth the is moved towardclosed position as the speed throttle valve and with the air inlet valveto move the latter toward closed position after the throttle valve is infull open position.

3. A carbureter for an engine including a throttle valve, an air inletvalve, fuel feeding means intermediate said valves, 'a device foruniting the valves and including a lost motion connection, and meansoperating through the device to control the action of the throttleduring ordinary speed changes'and to move the air inlet valve towardclosed position upon anabnormal decrease in speed.

4c. The combination of an engine, a carbureter connected therewith, anda speed responsive device controlling the carbureter, said carbureterincluding an air inlet valve, and a connection between the valve andspeed responsive device whereby the valve of the engine drops below apredetermined point.

5. The combination of an engine having a carbureter connected therewithand means controlling the carbureter, said carbureter comprising a fuelspraying nozzle, throttle and air inlet valves at opposite sidesthereof, and a connection between the valves for permitting simultaneousmovement thereof during average speed changes, and independent movementof the air inlet valve during a drop in speed below a predeterminedpoint.

6. The combination of an engine, a carbureter therefor comprising fueladmitting means and air inlet and throttle valves; arms connected withthe valves; a link having a direct connection with one arm and a lostmotion connection with the other arm whereby the air inlet valve may bemoved 05 toward closed position while the throttle remains open.

- 7. The combination of a mixture conduit a fuel admitting devicetherefor, an air inlet valve a throttle valve means for unit ing thevalves for simultaneous movement in one direction and including a lostmotion connection with one of the valves and a spring acting on thevalve, connected with the said means through the lost motion con- 1 5nection whereby one valve is movable independently of the other valve.

8. The combination of an engine, a mixture conduit having a throttlevalve and an air inlet valve, fuel feeding device between said valves, alink attached to the inlet valve and having a lost motion connectionwith the throttle valve and arranged to operate the throttle only afterthe engines speed has increased to approximately the normal, 5 a springattached to the throttle for moving it toward open position, and a meansfor moving the link.

9. The combination of an engine provided with a speed responsive device;a carbureter forthe engine comprising air inlet conduit, mixing chamber,m1xture ;jo utlet conduit, valve in said inlet conduit, device forfeeding fuel into said inlet conduit, and throt-- a1rinlet conduit,mixing chamber, mlxture tle valve in said outlet conduit and operativelycontrolled by the speed responsive device; and means controlled by thespeed responsive device to move the air inlet valve toward closedposition during a drop in speed below a predetermined point, and afterthe throttle valve is moved to full or approximately full open position.

10. A carbureter for anengine comprising air inlet conduit, mixingchamber, mixture outlet conduit, means for 'feeding fuel into the airindrawn through the inlet conduit, throttle valve in the outlet conduit,valve in said inlet conduit. and means for moving the valves to vary thepassage openings through said conduits simultaneously during normaloperation and to move the inlet conduit valve toward closed positionwhen the throttle valve reaches its full or approximately. full openposition.

11. A carbureter for an engine comprlsing outlet conduit, means forfeeding fuel into the air indrawn through said inlet conduit, 1

throttling valve in said outlet conduit and,

adapted to vary free opening therethrough, valvein said inlet conduitand adapted to Vary the free opening therethrough, and means for movingsaid air inlet valve toward closed position when the throttling valvereaches its full or approximately full open position.

- In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of twoWitnesses.

EMIL PODLESAK.

Witnesses:

R. A. CAMERON, A. E. SoHALK,

